Tulika Kapur, certified canine trainer and founder of Do The Woof
Slowing down: An ageing dog may have trouble climbing stairs, and getting in or out of cars. This could be due to weakness in the hind legs caused by old age, arthritis, and degenerative diseases.
Weight change: Some pets become less active and gain weight. Other dogs might lose weight as they age, due to muscle mass loss, reduced appetite and digestive issues.
Eyesight and hearing: Senior dogs could suffer from cloudy eyes (nuclear sclerosis). If you find your pet “ignoring” your commands, it can be hearing impairment.
Skin lumps or bumps: Lumps under the skin are common in senior dogs. A vet should check to rule out malignant tumours.
Bad breath: It can imply dental infection, gum disease or tooth decay. Regular dental cleaning is a must.

Breeds, size and age

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Small dog breeds have longer life spans while large dog breeds age faster. The lifespan depends on breeds as well. Great Danes may outlive French Bulldogs. A dog is considered old after completing about three quarters of the expected breed lifespan.

The veterinarian’s checklist

. After six years, get your pet tested for CBC (Complete Blood Count) blood test, LFT (Liver Function Test) and KFT (Kidney Function Test), and a routine urine and stool test every six months.
. After eight years, get chest, abdomen and hip X-Rays along with blood tests.
. Regularly vaccinate your pet and deworm them every three to six months.

Dr Malhar Joshi, Joshi’s Veterinary Clinic, Malad